Supreme Court Abolishes Domicile-Based Reservation in PG Medical Admissions

The Supreme Court declares domicile-based reservations in postgraduate medical admissions unconstitutional, mandating merit-based selection.

In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court of India declared domicile-based reservations in postgraduate (PG) medical admissions unconstitutional. This ruling mandates that admissions to PG medical courses must be based solely on merit, as determined by the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET).

Key Aspects of the Ruling

• Unconstitutionality of Domicile-Based Reservations: The Court held that reservations based on domicile violate Article 14 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to equality. It emphasized that such reservations are impermissible in PG medical courses.
• Merit-Based Admissions: The judgment mandates that PG medical admissions under state quotas must be determined solely on NEET merit, ensuring a uniform and equitable selection process.
• Impact on Existing Admissions: The Court clarified that the ruling would not affect students currently enrolled in PG courses under domicile-based reservations. Their admissions will remain valid, and the judgment applies prospectively.

Implications for Medical Education

• Enhanced National Integration: By removing domicile-based reservations, the ruling promotes a more inclusive and diverse medical community, fostering national integration.
• Focus on Merit: The emphasis on NEET scores ensures that admissions are based on academic excellence, potentially improving the quality of medical professionals.
• State Quotas Unchanged: While domicile-based reservations are abolished, state quotas for PG medical seats remain. However, these seats must now be filled based on NEET merit, without domicile restrictions.

Conclusion

The Supreme Court's decision to abolish domicile-based reservations in PG medical admissions marks a significant shift towards merit-based selection in India's medical education system. This ruling is expected to enhance the quality and diversity of medical professionals across the country.